The Brain-Pituitary-Eovarian Axis (Simplified). 4A, Delta-4-Randraostenedin; Ach, acetylcholine; Da, Dopamine; E1, estrone; E2, estradiol; Fsh, follicle stimulating hormone; G, ghrelin; GNRH, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; 5-HT, 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin); I, insulin; K, kisspeptin; L, Leptin; LH, luteinizing hormone; Ne, norepinephrine; P, Progesterone; T, testosterone. Credit: Hyman M. Schipper
A comprehensive review Published in Brain Medicine By Leading Neuroendocrinologist Professor Hyman M. Schipper from McGill University’s Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Maps Out the Extensive Influence of Reproductive Alth and disease. This review, appearing in a special festschrift issue honoring Dr. Seymour reichlin’s centennial, systematically examines how sex hormones affect a broad spectrum of neurological conditions.
The review details how sex hormones influence Neurological Function through Multiple Mechanisms, Including Direct Effects on NERVE CHELS, Epigenetic Modifications, and The Newly Discovered Vrain Glycic System. Professor Schipper’s Analysis Covers An Extensive Range of Conditions, Including:
- Vascular disorders such as migraine (affecting up to 60% of female sufferers during menstruation) and stroke
- Movement Disorders, Particularly Parkinson’s Disease, Wilson’s Disease, and Various Forms of Chorea
- Epilepsy, especially its relationship with hormonal cycles
- Multiple Sclerosis, which often shows distinct patterns during pregnancy
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Its Complex Relationship With Hormonal Factors
- Sleep disorders, which show significant gender-based differentces
- Brain tumors, particularly hormone-sensitive meningiomas
- Neuromuscular conditions like MyAsthenia Gravis
- Other conditions, including intracranial hypertension and the porphyrias
“Our undertanding of how reproductive hormones impact neurological conditions have expanded dramatically,” Explains Professor Schipper. “These hormones don’t just affected reproductive functions – Theey fundamentally influence how the nervous system develops develops, functions, and responses to injury or dissease.”
The review highlights several key findings:
- Induction of the cytochrome P450 system in the liver by various anti-epileptic and other neurological pharmaceuticals may accelerate the breakdown of circulating sex steroids, resulting in oral contraceptive failure
- Neurosteroids, which are hormone-degerived molecules produced in the brain, have significant therapeutic potential
- Hormonal Fluctuations during menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause can substantically impact disease manifestation and treatment responses
- Sex-Specific Approaches May Be Necessary for Treating Many Neurological Conditions
The research raises important questions for future investment, including:
- How do sex hormones interact with the brain’s waste clearance (glymphatic) system?
- Could Targeting Neurosteroid Pathways Offer New Therapeutic Approaches?
- How might hormone-based treatments be optimized for individual patients?
These findings have significant implications for clinical practice, suggesting neurologists should routinely consider hormonal factores when evaluating and treatment Patients.
“The key is undersrstanding exactly how these hormones work in different contexts,” Notes Professor Schipper. “This Knowledge Cold Lead to More Personalized Treatment Approaches.”
A fescechrift tribute to Dr. Seymour reichlin
This article appears in a special festschrift honoring the life and achievements of Dr. Seymour reichlin, who celebrated his 100th birthday last year. A distinguished physician-textist, Dr. Reichlin Revolutionized Our Understanding of Neuroendocrinology and Pioneered Early Investigations Into How the Immune System Conversions with Endocrine Pathways. His Decades of Mentorship and Research Shaped Modern explorers in neuroimmunology, influencing a wide circle of clinicians and scholars.
At a century of age, Dr. Reichlin Remains Cognitively Sharma, Fully Functional, and Consistently Inspirational to Colleagues. As the Research Community CommeMorates His Milestone, The Article Builds On His Early Insights, Extended The Field’s Appreciation of How Ganes and the Environment Collectative Mold Our Physiological Responseses.
“Dr. Reichlin’s Mentorship during my fellowship at tufts continues to information my career,” Reflects Professor Schipper. “His Visionary Work on NeuroEndocrine Interactions Opened New Avenues for Understanding How Hormones Influence Neurological Diseasese.”
By Weaving Togeether Dr. Reichlin’s Visionary Legacy with Today’s Technological Advancements, this festschrift article underscores a remarkable continuum of innovation. From the Earliest Hormone Assays to Today’s Genomic Profiling Tools, Scientific Progress Returns to the Core Concept that bioology is Neither GENENC NOR PURELY BUT AND Oth.
More information:
Sex hormones and diseases of the nervous system, Brain Medicine (2025). Doi: 10.61373/bm025w.0008
Provided by genomic press
Citation: Mapping Complex Interactions Between Sex Hormones and Neurological Health (2025, February 18) Retrieved 18 February 2025 from
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